Ранас Мукминов – Physical AI: От нейросетей к гуманоидным роботам (страница 6)

systemd.status_unit_format= Takes name, description or combined as the value. If name, the system manager will use unit names in status messages. If combined, the system manager will use unit names and description in status messages. When specified, overrides the system manager configuration file option StatusUnitFormat=, see systemd-system.conf(5).

systemd.log_color, systemd.log_level=, systemd.log_location, systemd.log_target=, systemd.log_time, systemd.log_tid Controls log output, with the same effect as the $SYSTEMD_LOG_COLOR, $SYSTEMD_LOG_LEVEL, $SYSTEMD_LOG_LOCATION, $SYSTEMD_LOG_TARGET, $SYSTEMD_LOG_TIME, and $SYSTEMD_LOG_TID environment variables described above. systemd.log_color, systemd.log_location, systemd.log_time, and systemd.log_tid= can be specified without an argument, with the same effect as a positive boolean.

systemd.default_standard_output=, systemd.default_standard_error= Controls default standard output and error output for services and sockets. That is, controls the default for StandardOutput= and StandardError= (see systemd.exec(5) for details). Takes one of inherit, null, tty, journal, journal+console, kmsg, kmsg+console. If the argument is omitted systemd.default-standard-output= defaults to journal and systemd.default-standard-error= to inherit.

systemd.setenv= Takes a string argument in the form VARIABLE=VALUE. May be used to set default environment variables to add to forked child processes. May be used more than once to set multiple variables.

systemd.machine_id= Takes a 32 character hex value to be used for setting the machine-id. Intended mostly for network booting where the same machine-id is desired for every boot.

systemd.set_credential= Sets a system credential, which can then be propagated to system services using the LoadCredential= setting, see systemd.exec(5) for details. Takes a pair of credential name and value, separated by a colon. Note that the kernel command line is typically accessible by unprivileged programs in /proc/cmdline. Thus, this mechanism is not suitable for transferring sensitive data. Use it only for data that is not sensitive (e.g. public keys/certificates, rather than private keys), or in testing/debugging environments.

For further information see System and Service Credentials[8] documentation.

systemd.import_credentials= Takes a boolean argument. If false disables importing credentials from the kernel command line, the DMI/SMBIOS OEM string table, the qemu_fw_cfg subsystem or the EFI kernel stub.

quiet Turn off status output at boot, much like systemd.show_status=no would. Note that this option is also read by the kernel itself and disables kernel log output. Passing this option hence turns off the usual output from both the system manager and the kernel.

debug Turn on debugging output. This is equivalent to systemd.log_level=debug. Note that this option is also read by the kernel itself and enables kernel debug output. Passing this option hence turns on the debug output from both the system manager and the kernel.

emergency, rd.emergency, -b Boot into emergency mode. This is equivalent to systemd.unit=emergency.target or rd.systemd.unit=emergency.target, respectively, and provided for compatibility reasons and to be easier to type.

rescue, rd.rescue, single, s, S, 1 Boot into rescue mode. This is equivalent to systemd.unit=rescue.target or rd.systemd.unit=rescue.target, respectively, and provided for compatibility reasons and to be easier to type.

2, 3, 4, 5 Boot into the specified legacy SysV runlevel. These are equivalent to systemd.unit=runlevel2.target, systemd.unit=runlevel3.target, systemd.unit=runlevel4.target, and systemd.unit=runlevel5.target, respectively, and provided for compatibility reasons and to be easier to type.

locale.LANG=, locale.LANGUAGE=, locale.LC_CTYPE=, locale.LC_NUMERIC=, locale.LC_TIME=, locale.LC_COLLATE=, locale.LC_MONETARY=, locale.LC_MESSAGES=, locale.LC_PAPER=, locale.LC_NAME=, locale.LC_ADDRESS=, locale.LC_TELEPHONE=, locale.LC_MEASUREMENT=, locale.LC_IDENTIFICATION= Set the system locale to use. This overrides the settings in /etc/locale.conf. For more information, see locale.conf(5) and locale(7).

For other kernel command line parameters understood by components of the core OS, please refer to kernel-command-line(7).

OPTIONS systemd is only very rarely invoked directly, since it is started early and is already running by the time users may interact with it. Normally, tools like systemctl(1) are used to give commands to the manager. Since systemd is usually not invoked directly, the options listed below are mostly useful for debugging and special purposes.

Introspection and debugging options Those options are used for testing and introspection, and systemd may be invoked with them at any time:

–-dump-configuration-items Dump understood unit configuration items. This outputs a terse but complete list of configuration items understood in unit definition files.

–-dump-bus-properties Dump exposed bus properties. This outputs a terse but complete list of properties exposed on D-Bus.

–-test Determine the initial start-up transaction (i.e. the list of jobs enqueued at start-up), dump it and exit – without actually executing any of the determined jobs. This option is useful for debugging only. Note that during regular service manager start-up additional units not shown by this operation may be started, because hardware, socket, bus or other kinds of activation might add additional jobs as the transaction is executed. Use –system to request the initial transaction of the system service manager (this is also the implied default), combine with –user to request the initial transaction of the per-user service manager instead.

–-system, –user When used in conjunction with –test, selects whether to calculate the initial transaction for the system instance or for a per-user instance. These options have no effect when invoked without –test, as during regular (i.e. non–test) invocations the service manager will automatically detect whether it shall operate in system or per-user mode, by checking whether the PID it is run as is 1 or not. Note that it is not supported booting and maintaining a system with the service manager running in –system mode but with a PID other than 1.

–h, –help Print a short help text and exit.

–-version Print a short version string and exit.

Options that duplicate kernel command line settings Those options correspond directly to options listed above in "Kernel Command Line". Both forms may be used equivalently for the system manager, but it is recommended to use the forms listed above in this context, because they are properly namespaced. When an option is specified both on the kernel command line and as a normal command line argument, the latter has higher precedence.

When systemd is used as a user manager, the kernel command line is ignored and only the options described below are understood. Nevertheless, systemd is usually started in this mode through the user@.service(5) service, which is shared between all users. It may be more convenient to use configuration files to modify settings (see systemd-user.conf(5)), or environment variables. See the "Environment" section above for a discussion of how the environment block is set.

–-unit= Set default unit to activate on startup. If not specified, defaults to default.target. See systemd.unit= above.

–-dump-core Enable core dumping on crash. This switch has no effect when running as user instance. Same as systemd.dump_core= above.

–-crash-vt=VT Switch to a specific virtual console (VT) on crash. This switch has no effect when running as user instance. Same as systemd.crash_chvt= above (but not the different spelling!).

–-crash-shell Run a shell on crash. This switch has no effect when running as user instance. See systemd.crash_shell= above.

–-crash-reboot Automatically reboot the system on crash. This switch has no effect when running as user instance. See systemd.crash_reboot above.

–-confirm-spawn Ask for confirmation when spawning processes. This switch has no effect when run as user instance. See systemd.confirm_spawn above.

–-show-status Show terse unit status information on the console during boot-up and shutdown. See systemd.show_status above.

–-log-color Highlight important log messages. See systemd.log_color above.

–-log-level= Set log level. See systemd.log_level above.

–-log-location Include code location in log messages. See systemd.log_location above.

–-log-target= Set log target. See systemd.log_target above.

–-log-time= Prefix console messages with timestamp. See systemd.log_time above.

–-machine-id= Override the machine-id set on the hard drive. See systemd.machine_id= above.

–-service-watchdogs Globally enable/disable all service watchdog timeouts and emergency actions. See systemd.service_watchdogs above.

–-default-standard-output=, –default-standard-error= Sets the default output or error output for all services and sockets, respectively. See systemd.default_standard_output= and systemd.default_standard_error= above.