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Mark Bowen

Последние

Nineteen Eighty-Four: A Novel, often published as 1984, is a dystopian novel by English novelist George Orwell. The only mistake George Orwell made in his anti-utopia 1984 was the date. A lot of things that he described as if happening in 1984 can be observed in the nowadays world. However, he depicted the future that everyone should be afraid of at any time. “I am sure that totalitarian idea lives in the consciousness of intellectuals everywhere, and I tried to follow this idea till the end. My story is set in England to emphasize that English speaking nations are not better than others and that the totalitarianism can win everywhere if it is not fought against”, George Orwell wrote not long before his death.

Классика

Джордж Оруэлл - Animal Farm

Animal Farm is an allegorical novella by George Orwell, first published in England on 17 August 1945. The book tells the story of a group of farm animals who rebel against their human farmer, hoping to create a society where the animals can be equal, free, and happy. Ultimately, however, the rebellion is betrayed, and the farm ends up in a state as bad as it was before, under the dictatorship of a pig named Napoleon.According to Orwell, the fable reflects events leading up to the Russian Revolution of 1917 and then on into the Stalinist era of the Soviet Union. Orwell, a democratic socialist, was a critic of Joseph Stalin and hostile to Moscow-directed Stalinism, an attitude that was critically shaped by his experiences during the Spanish Civil War. The Soviet Union, he believed, had become a brutal dictatorship built upon a cult of personality and enforced by a reign of terror. In a letter to Yvonne Davet, Orwell described Animal Farm as a satirical tale against Stalin («un conte satirique contre Staline»), and in his essay «Why I Write» (1946), wrote that Animal Farm was the first book in which he tried, with full consciousness of what he was doing, «to fuse political purpose and artistic purpose into one whole».The original title was Animal Farm: A Fairy Story, but U.S. publishers dropped the subtitle when it was published in 1946, and only one of the translations during Orwell's lifetime kept it. Other titular variations include subtitles like «A Satire» and «A Contemporary Satire».Orwell suggested the title Union des républiques socialistes animales for the French translation, which abbreviates to URSA, the Latin word for «bear», a symbol of Russia. It also played on the French name of the Soviet Union, Union des républiques socialistes soviétiques.Orwell wrote the book between November 1943 and February 1944, when the UK was in its wartime alliance with the Soviet Union against Nazi Germany, and the British people and intelligentsia held Stalin in high esteem, a phenomenon Orwell hated. The manuscript was initially rejected by a number of British and American publishers, including one of Orwell's own, Victor Gollancz, which delayed its publication. It became a great commercial success when it did appear partly because international relations were transformed as the wartime alliance gave way to the Cold War.

Классика

Николай Гоголь - 50 Stories from Russia’s Greatest Authors

"This audiobook collects a magnificent set of works by Russian classical authors: Alexander Pushkin, Nikolai Gogol, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Anton Chekhov, Leo Tolstoy, Mikhail Bulgakov, Leonid Andreyev, Maxim Gorky, Ivan Turgenev, Aleksandr Kuprin. Each original story, springing from a common creative heritage, delivers a glimpse of the immortal Russian Soul and has influenced modern literary trends.These stories are interesting to their core and will bring pleasure to readers and listener alike.Get ready to immerse yourself within these immortal works that have long been counted among the best of classic world literature. Fyodor Dostoyevsky – THE DREAM OF A RIDICULOUS MANNOTES FROM THE UNDERGROUNDTHE CHRISTMAS TREE AND THE WEDDINGIvan Turgenev – MUMUFIRST LOVETHE DISTRICT DOCTORAleksandr Kuprin – THE OUTRAGEAlexander Pushkin -THE QUEEN OF SPADESLeo Tolstoy – A LETTER TO A HINDUTHE DEATH OF IVAN ILYICHGOD SEES THE TRUTH, BUT WAITSA RUSSIAN CHRISTMAS PARTYAnton Chekhov – THE WIFETHE SLANDERTHE HORSE-STEALERSTHE PETCHENYEGA DEAD BODYA HAPPY ENDINGTHE LOOKING-GLASSOLD AGEDARKNESSTHE BEGGARIN TROUBLEFROSTMINDS IN FERMENTGONE ASTRAYTHE AVENGERTHE JEUNE PREMIERA DEFENCELESS CREATUREAN ENIGMATIC NATUREA HAPPY MANA TROUBLESOME VISITORAN ACTOR'S ENDVANKAA COUNTRY COTTAGEFAT AND THINNERVESTHE DOCTORABOUT LOVEA LOTTERY TICKETLeonid Andreyev – THE LITTLE ANGELLAZARUSMaxim Gorky – ONE AUTUMN NIGHTHER LOVERMikhail Bulgakov – THE EMBROIDERED TOWELNikolai Gogol – CHRISTMAS EVETHE NOSEA MAY NIGHTTHE CLOAKTHE VIY"

Романы, стихи, проза

Уильям Шекспир - Othello

"Othello is a tragedy by William Shakespeare based on the short story «„Moor of Venice“» by Cinthio, believed to have been written in approximately 1603. The work revolves around four central characters: Othello, his wife Desdemona, his lieutenant Cassio, and his trusted advisor Iago. Attesting to its enduring popularity, the play appeared in 7 editions between 1622 and 1705. Because of its varied themes – racism, love, jealousy and betrayal – it remains relevant to the present day and is often performed in professional and community theatres alike. The play has also been the basis for numerous operatic, film and literary adaptations.Othello, suspicious and jealous military general, listened to a malicious gossip from his secret hater Iago and now believes that his beautiful wife Desdemona is unfaithful. Passionate nature of the Moor can’t bear the shame and in a burst of temper he kills the innocent Desdemona…Among the most significant works William Shakespeare: Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth, Orpheus, Romeo and Juliet, Julius Caesar, Troilus and Cressida, The Tempest, Venus and Adonis, Antony and Cleopatra, Measure for Measure, The Winter's Tale and many more."

Романы, стихи, проза

Джордж Бернард Шоу - Pygmalion

Pygmalion is a play by George Bernard Shaw, named after a Greek mythological figure. Pygmalion was the most broadly appealing of all Shaw's plays. In ancient Greek mythology, Pygmalion fell in love with one of his sculptures, which then came to life. The general idea of that myth was a popular subject for Victorian era British playwrights, including one of Shaw's influences, W. S. Gilbert, who wrote a successful play based on the story called Pygmalion and Galatea that was first presented in 1871. Shaw would also have been familiar with the musical Adonis and the burlesque version, Galatea, or Pygmalion Reversed. Shaw's play has been adapted numerous times, most notably as the 1938 film Pygmalion, the 1956 musical My Fair Lady and its 1964 film version.Shaw mentioned that the character of Professor Henry Higgins was inspired by several British professors of phonetics: Alexander Melville Bell, Alexander J. Ellis, Tito Pagliardini, but above all, the cantankerous Henry Sweet.

Романы, стихи, проза

Антон Чехов - Uncle Vanya

У uncle Vanya — это пьеса русского драматурга Антона Чехова. Она была впервые опубликована в 1898 году, а впервые поставлена в 1899 году в Московском художественном театре под руководством Константина Станиславского. "Ункль Ваня" выделяется среди основных пьес Чехова тем, что является по сути обширной переработкой его собственной пьесы, опубликованной за десять лет до этого, "Деревянный демон". Критики, такие как Дональд Рэйфилд, Ричард Гилман и Эрик Бентли, исследуя конкретные изменения, внесенные Чеховым в процессе редактирования — включая сокращение состава актеров с почти двух десятков до девяти, превращение кульминационного самоубийства "Деревянного демона" в знаменитое неудавшееся убийство "Ункля Вани" и изменение первоначального счастливого конца на более неоднозначное и менее окончательное разрешение — стремились проследить развитие драматургического метода Чехова в 1890-х годах.

Психология, философия

Ральф Эмерсон - Self-Reliance

«Self-Reliance» — это эссе, написанное американским трансценденталистом, философом и эссеистом Ральфом Уолдо Эмерсоном в 1841 году. В нем содержится наиболее полное выражение одной из повторяющихся тем Эмерсона: необходимость для каждого индивидуума избегать конформизма и ложной последовательности, следуя своим инстинктам и идеям. Это эссе стало источником одной из самых известных цитат Эмерсона: «„Глупая последовательность — это домовой дух маленьких умов, обожаемый мелкими государственными деятелями, философами и богословами.“» Эссе представляет собой анализ природы «аборигенного я», на основе которого может быть построена универсальная уверенность. Первое упоминание философии, которая впоследствии станет «Self-Reliance», было представлено Ральфом Уолдо Эмерсоном в ходе проповеди в сентябре 1830 года, через месяц после его первой свадьбы. Его жена Эллен страдала от туберкулеза, и, как писал биограф Эмерсона Роберт Д. Ричардсон, «„Бессмертие никогда не было так сильно или так desperately нужным!“» С 1836 по 1837 год Эмерсон проводил серию лекций по философии истории в Мasonic Temple в Бостоне. Эти лекции никогда не были изданы отдельно, но многие его мысли из них позже использовались в «Self-Reliance» и нескольких других эссе. Поздние лекции, такие как «Американский ученый» и «Обращение к Божественной школе», привели к общественному осуждению его радикальных взглядов, и настойчивая защита индивидуализма в «Self-Reliance» могла быть реакцией на это осуждение. Эмерсон писал о индивидуализме, личной ответственности и неконформизме. Известные индивидуальные эссе автора Ральфа Уолдо Эмерсона: «Природа», «Self-Reliance», «Компенсация», «Сверхдуша», «Круги», «Поэт», «Опыт», «Политика», «Саади» в Atlantic Monthly, «Американский ученый», «Нью-Ингландские реформаторы».